USDA Crop Production 07/10
05/12/2026 | 10:59 am CDT USDA Crop Production 07/10
Crop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737
Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Production Down 4 Percent from June Forecast
Orange Production Up 3 Percent from April Forecast
Winter wheat production is forecast at 990 million bushels, down 4 percent
from the June 1 forecast and down 29 percent from 2025. As of July 1, the
United States yield is forecast at 46.7 bushels per acre, down 0.1 bushel
from last month and down 8.2 bushels from last year's average yield of
54.9 bushels per acre. If realized, the United States yield would be the
lowest since 2015.
Hard Red Winter production, at 471 million bushels, is down 5 percent from
last month. Soft Red Winter, at 287 million bushels, is down 4 percent from
the June forecast. White Winter, at 232 million bushels, is down less than
1 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production,
7.26 million bushels are Hard White and 225 million bushels are Soft White.
Durum wheat production is forecast at 70.9 million bushels, down 18 percent
from 2025. Based on July 1 conditions, yields are expected to average
39.9 bushels per harvested acre, down 0.7 bushel from 2025. Area harvested
for grain or seed is expected to total 1.78 million acres, unchanged from the
Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but down 16 percent from 2025.
Other spring wheat production for grain is forecast at 475 million bushels,
down 4 percent from last year. Based on July 1 conditions, yields are
expected to average 52.3 bushels per harvested acre, up 0.6 bushel from 2025.
If realized, the United States yield would be the second highest behind 2024.
Area harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 9.08 million acres,
unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but 6 percent
below 2025. Of the total production, 436 million bushels are Hard Red Spring
wheat, down 5 percent from 2025.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2025-2026 season is
2.61 million tons, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 11 percent
from the 2024-2025 utilization. The California all orange forecast is
49.5 million boxes (1.98 million tons), up 2 percent from the previous
forecast and up 12 percent from last season's utilization. The California
Navel orange forecast is 41.0 million boxes (1.64 million tons), up 3 percent
from the previous forecast and up 10 percent from last season's utilization.
The California Valencia orange forecast is 8.50 million boxes (340,000 tons),
unchanged from previous forecast but up 23 percent from last season's
utilization.
The Florida all orange forecast, at 12.9 million boxes (582,000 tons), is
up 6 percent from the previous forecast and up 5 percent from last season's
utilization. In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast
at 4.77 million boxes (215,000 tons), up 1 percent from the previous forecast
and up 4 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia
orange forecast, at 8.15 million boxes (367,000 tons), is up 9 percent from
previous forecast and up 6 percent from last season's utilization. The Texas
all orange forecast, at 1.09 million boxes (47,000 tons), is up 20 percent
from the previous forecast and up 28 percent from last season's utilization.
This report was approved on July 10, 2026.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Justin Benavidez
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Lance Honig
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and
Forecasted July 1, 2026
================================================================================
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
State
2025 2026 2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)
GA 20 23 59.0 45.0 1,180 1,035
ID 14 15 60.0 80.0 840 1,200
IL 14 14 99.0 94.0 1,386 1,316
IA 50 70 92.0 94.0 4,600 6,580
KS 35 40 58.0 40.0 2,030 1,600
ME 17 17 86.0 77.0 1,462 1,309
MI 21 20 72.0 70.0 1,512 1,400
MN 165 150 87.0 88.0 14,355 13,200
MT 38 45 44.0 55.0 1,672 2,475
NE 20 23 50.0 37.0 1,000 851
NY 30 30 54.0 57.0 1,620 1,710
NC 16 21 73.0 71.0 1,168 1,491
ND 175 100 77.0 90.0 13,475 9,000
OH 30 25 74.0 70.0 2,220 1,750
OR 5 4 80.0 82.0 400 328
PA 46 47 52.0 64.0 2,392 3,008
SD 135 85 86.0 82.0 11,610 6,970
TX 48 83 53.0 43.0 2,544 3,569
WI 65 65 64.0 68.0 4,160 4,420
US 944 877 73.8 72.1 69,626 63,212
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025
and
Forecasted July 1, 2026
================================================================================
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
State 2025 2026 2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)
CO 38 32 126.0 140.0 4,788 4,480
ID 490 450 112.0 112.0 54,880 50,400
MN 21 35 75.0 76.0 1,575 2,660
MT 585 650 54.0 53.0 31,590 34,450
ND 360 420 78.0 71.0 28,080 29,820
WA 49 48 49.0 66.0 2,401 3,168
WY 44 45 112.0 88.0 4,928 3,960
OtrSt 1/ 174 194 72.5 68.8 12,607 13,350
US 1,761 1,874 80.0 75.9 140,849 142,288
================================================================================
1/ Other States include: Alaska, Arizona, California, Delaware, Kansas, Maine,
Maryland, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South
Dakota, Utah, Virginia, and Wisconsin. Individual State level estimates will be
published in the "Small Grains 2026 Summary."
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States:
2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026
================================================================================
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
State 2026
2025 2026 2025 2025 2026
Jun 1 Jul 1
================================================================================
(1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)
AR 70 40 57.0 57.0 56.0 3,990 2,240
CA 110 110 86.0 68.0 71.0 9,460 7,810
CO 1,870 1,280 38.0 21.0 19.0 71,060 24,320
ID 720 760 99.0 97.0 93.0 71,280 70,680
IL 700 620 88.0 86.0 88.0 61,600 54,560
IN 240 230 89.0 87.0 85.0 21,360 19,550
KS 6,800 5,950 51.0 35.0 33.0 346,800 196,350
KY 330 280 81.0 77.0 79.0 26,730 22,120
MD 160 140 79.0 73.0 73.0 12,640 10,220
MI 490 455 90.0 90.0 90.0 44,100 40,950
MO 460 410 80.0 72.0 69.0 36,800 28,290
MT 2,120 1,700 47.0 41.0 44.0 99,640 74,800
NE 805 580 47.0 28.0 29.0 37,835 16,820
NC 270 240 60.0 43.0 48.0 16,200 11,520
OH 530 425 86.0 86.0 86.0 45,580 36,550
OK 2,800 2,100 38.0 28.0 28.0 106,400 58,800
OR 740 735 71.0 66.0 65.0 52,540 47,775
PA 185 190 72.0 76.0 74.0 13,320 14,060
SD 630 490 50.0 48.0 49.0 31,500 24,010
TN 265 175 74.0 74.0 77.0 19,610 13,475
TX 2,300 1,600 37.0 30.0 28.0 85,100 44,800
VA 70 60 66.0 50.0 50.0 4,620 3,000
WA 1,790 1,790 68.0 68.0 69.0 121,720 123,510
WI 250 210 76.0 73.0 76.0 19,000 15,960
OtrSt 1/ 803 640 53.1 44.0 44.2 42,669 28,305
US 25,508 21,210 54.9 46.8 46.7 1,401,554 990,475
================================================================================
1/ Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Mississippi, New Mexico, New
York, North Dakota, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level
estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2026 Summary."
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States:
2025 and
Forecasted July 1, 2026
================================================================================
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
State 2026
2025 2026 2025 2025 2026
Jun 1 Jul 1
================================================================================
(1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)
AZ 49 54 117.0 99.0 97.0 5,733 5,238
CA 14 14 125.0 126.0 120.0 1,750 1,680
MT 850 750 30.0 (X) 29.0 25,500 21,750
ND 1,210 960 44.0 (X) 44.0 53,240 42,240
US 2,123 1,778 40.6 (X) 39.9 86,223 70,908
================================================================================
(X) Not applicable.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United
States: 2025 and
Forecasted July 1, 2026
================================================================================
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
State
2025 2026 2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)
ID 420 415 84.0 92.0 35,280 38,180
MN 1,100 1,000 69.0 68.0 75,900 68,000
MT 1,950 2,200 29.0 30.0 56,550 66,000
ND 5,030 4,440 55.0 58.0 276,650 257,520
SD 640 580 51.0 47.0 32,640 27,260
WA 470 440 42.0 41.0 19,740 18,040
US 9,610 9,075 51.7 52.3 496,760 475,000
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026
[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both
surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class
percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have
survey or administrative data available]
================================================================================
Crop 2025 2026
================================================================================
(1,000 bushels)
Winter
Hard red 804,443 470,900
Soft red 352,916 287,394
Hard white 14,196 7,256
Soft white 229,999 224,925
Spring
Hard red 458,347 436,154
Hard white 9,568 10,288
Soft white 28,845 28,558
Durum 86,223 70,908
Total 1,984,537 1,536,383
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States:
2024-2025 and
Forecasted July 1, 2026
[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year]
================================================================================
Utilized production boxes 1/Utilized production ton equivalent
Crop and State
2024-2025 2025-2026 2024-2025 2025-2026
================================================================================
(1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons)
Oranges
CA, all 44,100 49,500 1,764 1,980
Early, mid, and 37,200 41,000 1,488 1,640
Navel 2/
Valencia 6,900 8,500 276 340
FL, all 12,280 12,920 553 582
Early, mid, and 4,600 4,770 207 215
Navel 2/
Valencia 7,680 8,150 346 367
TX, all 850 1,090 37 47
Early, mid, and 530 560 23 24
Navel 2/
Valencia 320 530 14 23
US, all 57,230 63,510 2,354 2,609
Early, mid, and 42,330 46,330 1,718 1,879
Navel 2/
Valencia 14,900 17,180 636 730
Grapefruit
CA 4,300 4,300 172 172
FL 1,300 1,350 55 57
TX 2,000 2,100 80 84
US 7,600 7,750 307 313
Tangerines and
mandarins 3/
CA 30,400 31,000 1,216 1,240
FL 400 460 19 22
US 30,800 31,460 1,235 1,262
Lemons
AZ 1,120 720 45 29
CA 26,400 26,000 1,056 1,040
FL 670 900 30 41
US 28,190 27,620 1,131 1,110
================================================================================
1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85;
grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in
California-80, Florida-95; lemons in Arizona-80, California-80, Florida-90.
2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and
midseason varieties in Florida and Texas.
3/ Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and
United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period had not yet begun]
================================================================================
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
Class, type and
================================================================================
State
================================================================================
2025 2026 2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(acres) (pounds) (1,000 pounds)
Class 1,
Flue-cured
(11-14)
NC 121,000 118,000 2,050 2,200 248,050 259,600
VA 13,400 13,500 2,150 2,100 28,810 28,350
US 134,400 131,500 2,060 2,190 276,860 287,950
Class 2,
Fire-cured
(21-23)
KY 3,100 3,700 3,200 9,920
TN 2,900 3,500 2,750 7,975
US 6,000 7,200 2,983 17,895
Class 3A, Light
air-cured
Type 31, Burley
Kentucky 23,900 25,000 2,050 48,995
Tennessee 3,800 4,400 1,500 5,700
United States 27,700 29,400 1,975 54,695
Class 3B, Dark
air-cured (35-37)
KY 2,400 3,200 2,950 7,080
TN 800 800 2,550 2,040
US 3,200 4,000 2,850 9,120
All tobacco
US 171,300 172,100 2,093 358,570
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Apricots Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026
================================================================================
Total production
State
2025 2026
================================================================================
(tons)
CA 34,000 34,000
WA 4,250 2,500
US 38,250 36,500
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units -
United States: 2025 and 2026
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank
data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
Area planted Area harvested
Crop
2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(1,000 acres)
Grains and hay
Barley 2,299 2,434 1,761 1,874
Corn for grain 1/ 98,788 95,343 91,258 87,434
Corn for silage (NA) 6,208
Hay, all (NA) (NA) 49,557 49,787
Alfalfa (NA) (NA) 14,676 14,685
All other (NA) (NA) 34,881 35,102
Oats 2,370 2,424 944 877
Proso millet 442 500 397
Rice 2,812 2,017 2,740 1,979
Rye 2,229 2,381 341 312
Sorghum for grain 6,640 6,280 6,020 5,485
1/
Sorghum for silage (NA) 448
Wheat, all 45,328 42,740 37,241 32,063
Winter 33,153 31,520 25,508 21,210
Durum 2,185 1,830 2,123 1,778
Other spring 9,990 9,390 9,610 9,075
Oilseeds
Canola 2,338.5 2,965.0 2,306.0 2,918.0
Cottonseed (X) (X)
Flaxseed 248 305 234 286
Mustard seed 126.2 131.5 111.8 123.1
Peanuts 1,953.0 1,528.0 1,906.0 1,475.0
Rapeseed 18.6 19.0 16.6 17.3
Safflower 116.5 125.0 108.5 115.5
Soybeans for beans 81,215 85,365 80,437 84,401
Sunflower 1,288.2 1,348.0 1,246.2 1,301.8
Cotton, tobacco,
and sugar crops
Cotton, all 9,282.5 9,850.0 7,827.3
Upland 9,141.0 9,700.0 7,688.9
American Pima 141.5 150.0 138.4
Sugarbeets 1,079.0 1,033.0 1,059.8 1,011.4
Sugarcane (NA) (NA) 946.0 956.0
Tobacco (NA) (NA) 171.3 172.1
Dry beans, peas,
and lentils
Chickpeas 536.0 482.0 520.3 468.2
Dry edible beans 1,366.0 1,161.0 1,334.6 1,130.0
Dry edible peas 1,173.0 1,047.0 1,063.0 1,001.0
Lentils 1,072.0 747.0 949.0 701.0
Potatoes and
miscellaneous
Hops (NA) (NA) 41.7 41.6
Maple syrup (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
Mushrooms (NA) (NA)
Peppermint oil (NA) 22.9
Potatoes 902.0 873.0 896.8 867.6
Spearmint oil (NA) 11.6
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units -
United States: 2025 and 2026 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank
data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
Yield per acre Production
Crop
2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(1,000)
Grains and hay
Barley bushels 80.0 75.9 140,849 142,288
Corn for grain bushels 186.5 17,020,549
Corn for silage tons 21.8 135,540
Hay, all tons 2.48 123,031
Alfalfa tons 3.42 50,213
All other tons 2.09 72,818
Oats bushels 73.8 72.1 69,626 63,212
Proso millet bushels 35.9 14,239
Rice 2/ cwt 7,544 206,707
Rye bushels 36.5 12,459
Sorghum for grain bushels 72.6 436,825
Sorghum for silage tons 16.4 7,325
Wheat, all bushels 53.3 47.9 1,984,537 1,536,383
Winter bushels 54.9 46.7 1,401,554 990,475
Durum bushels 40.6 39.9 86,223 70,908
Other spring bushels 51.7 52.3 496,760 475,000
Oilseeds
Canola pounds 2,017 4,650,910
Cottonseed tons (X) 4,132.0
Flaxseed bushels 22.2 5,202
Mustard seed pounds 636 71,120
Peanuts pounds 3,767 7,179,850
Rapeseed pounds 2,126 35,290
Safflower pounds 1,319 143,160
Soybeans for beans bushels 53.0 4,261,858
Sunflower pounds 1,863 2,321,852
Cotton, tobacco,
and sugar crops
Cotton 2/, all bales 852 13,897.0
Upland 2/ bales 842 13,492.0
American Pima 2/ bales 1,405 405.0
Sugarbeets tons 33.2 35,140
Sugarcane tons 36.4 34,445
Tobacco pounds 2,093 358,570
Dry beans, peas,
and lentils
Chickpeas 2/ cwt 1,315 6,844
Dry edible beans cwt 2,012 26,855
2/
Dry edible peas 2/ cwt 1,738 18,480
Lentils 2/ cwt 1,112 10,557
Potatoes and
miscellaneous
Hops pounds 1,996 83,143.4
Maple syrup gallons (NA) (NA) 5,701 5,877
Mushrooms pounds (NA) 669,930
Peppermint oil pounds 108 2,471
Potatoes cwt 460 412,860
Spearmint oil pounds 139 1,609
================================================================================
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Area planted for all purposes.
2/ Yield in pounds.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United
States: 2025 and 2026
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank
data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
Area planted Area harvested
Crop
2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(hectares)
Grains and hay
Barley 930,380 985,020 712,660 758,390
Corn for grain 1/ 39,978,520 38,584,360 36,931,200 35,383,670
Corn for silage (NA) 2,512,320
Hay 2/, all (NA) (NA) 20,055,220 20,148,300
Alfalfa (NA) (NA) 5,939,230 5,942,870
All other (NA) (NA) 14,115,990 14,205,430
Oats 959,120 980,970 382,030 354,910
Proso millet 178,870 202,350 160,660
Rice 1,137,990 816,260 1,108,850 800,880
Rye 902,050 963,570 138,000 126,260
Sorghum for grain 2,687,140 2,541,450 2,436,230 2,219,720
1/
Sorghum for silage (NA) 181,300
Wheat 2/, all 18,343,790 17,296,450 15,071,060 12,975,580
Winter 13,416,690 12,755,830 10,322,830 8,583,470
Durum 884,250 740,580 859,160 719,540
Other spring 4,042,850 3,800,040 3,889,070 3,672,560
Oilseeds
Canola 946,370 1,199,910 933,220 1,180,890
Cottonseed (X) (X)
Flaxseed 100,360 123,430 94,700 115,740
Mustard seed 51,070 53,220 45,240 49,820
Peanuts 790,360 618,370 771,340 596,920
Rapeseed 7,530 7,690 6,720 7,000
Safflower 47,150 50,590 43,910 46,740
Soybeans for beans 32,866,900 34,546,360 32,552,050 34,156,240
Sunflower 521,320 545,520 504,320 526,830
Cotton, tobacco,
and sugar crops
Cotton 2/, all 3,756,530 3,986,200 3,167,630
Upland 3,699,270 3,925,490 3,111,620
American Pima 57,260 60,700 56,010
Sugarbeets 436,660 418,040 428,890 409,300
Sugarcane (NA) (NA) 382,840 386,880
Tobacco (NA) (NA) 69,320 69,650
Dry beans, peas,
and lentils
Chickpeas 216,910 195,060 210,560 189,480
Dry edible beans 552,810 469,850 540,100 457,300
Dry edible peas 474,700 423,710 430,190 405,090
Lentils 433,830 302,300 384,050 283,690
Potatoes and
miscellaneous
Hops (NA) (NA) 16,860 16,850
Maple syrup (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
Mushrooms (NA) (NA)
Peppermint oil (NA) 9,270
Potatoes 365,030 353,290 362,930 351,110
Spearmint oil (NA) 4,690
================================================================================
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United
States: 2025 and 2026 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank
data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
Yield per hectare Production
Crop
2025 2026 2025 2026
================================================================================
(metric tons)
Grains and hay
Barley 4.30 4.08 3,066,620 3,097,960
Corn for grain 11.71 432,341,860
Corn for silage 48.94 122,959,820
Hay 2/, all 5.57 111,611,850
Alfalfa 7.67 45,552,470
All other 4.68 66,059,380
Oats 2.65 2.59 1,010,620 917,520
Proso millet 2.01 322,930
Rice 8.46 9,376,070
Rye 2.29 316,470
Sorghum for grain 4.55 11,095,870
Sorghum for silage 36.65 6,645,130
Wheat 2/, all 3.58 3.22 54,010,250 41,813,490
Winter 3.70 3.14 38,144,050 26,956,310
Durum 2.73 2.68 2,346,610 1,929,800
Other spring 3.48 3.52 13,519,590 12,927,380
Oilseeds
Canola 2.26 2,109,620
Cottonseed (X) 3,748,490
Flaxseed 1.40 132,140
Mustard seed 0.71 32,260
Peanuts 4.22 3,256,730
Rapeseed 2.38 16,010
Safflower 1.48 64,940
Soybeans for beans 3.56 115,988,770
Sunflower 2.09 1,053,170
Cotton, tobacco,
and sugar crops
Cotton 2/, all 0.96 3,025,720
Upland 0.94 2,937,540
American Pima 1.57 88,180
Sugarbeets 74.33 31,878,470
Sugarcane 81.62 31,247,980
Tobacco 2.35 162,640
Dry beans, peas,
and lentils
Chickpeas 1.47 310,440
Dry edible beans 2.26 1,218,120
Dry edible peas 1.95 838,240
Lentils 1.25 478,860
Potatoes and
miscellaneous
Hops 2.24 37,710
Maple syrup (NA) (NA) 28,510 29,390
Mushrooms (NA) 303,870
Peppermint oil 0.12 1,120
Potatoes 51.60 18,727,020
Spearmint oil 0.16 730
================================================================================
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Area planted for all purposes.
2/ Total may not add due to rounding.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2025 and 2026
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year, except
citrus which is for the 2025-2026 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation
period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
Production
Crop
2025 2026
================================================================================
Citrus 1/
Grapefruit 1,000 tons 307 313
Lemons 1,000 tons 1,131 1,110
Oranges 1,000 tons 2,354 2,609
Tangerines and 1,000 tons 1,235 1,262
mandarins
Noncitrus
Apples, commercial million pounds 11,102.0
Apricots tons 38,250 36,500
Avocados tons 185,740
Blueberries, 1,000 pounds 768,700
Cultivated
Blueberries, Wild 1,000 pounds 57,500
(Maine)
Cherries, Sweet tons 373,850 310,500
Cherries, Tart million pounds 142.2 91.0
Coffee (Hawaii) 1,000 pounds 20,735
Cranberries barrel 7,508,000
Dates tons 62,600
Grapes tons 5,233,500
Kiwifruit tons 40,600
(California)
Nectarines tons 147,000
(California)
Olives tons 144,000
(California)
Papayas (Hawaii) 1,000 pounds 9,240
Peaches tons 708,250
Pears tons 763,000
Plums (California) tons 84,500
Prunes tons 220,500
(California)
Raspberries 1,000 pounds 188,710
Strawberries 1,000 cwt 31,270.0
Nuts and
miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled 1,000 pounds 2,715,000 2,700,000
(California)
Hazelnuts, tons 121,500
in-shell (Oregon)
Macadamias 1,000 pounds 30,600
(Hawaii)
Pecans, in-shell 1,000 pounds 284,260
Pistachios 1,000 pounds 1,580,000
(California)
Walnuts, in-shell tons 809,000
(California)
================================================================================
1/ Production years are 2024-2025 and 2025-2026.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2025 and 2026
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from
previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year, except
citrus which is for the 2025-2026 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation
period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
Production
Crop
2025 2026
================================================================================
(metric tons)
Citrus 1/
Grapefruit 278,510 283,950
Lemons 1,026,030 1,006,980
Oranges 2,135,510 2,366,840
Tangerines and 1,120,370 1,144,870
mandarins
Noncitrus
Apples, commercial 5,035,780
Apricots 34,700 33,110
Avocados 168,500
Blueberries, 348,680
Cultivated
Blueberries, Wild 26,080
(Maine)
Cherries, Sweet 339,150 281,680
Cherries, Tart 64,500 41,280
Coffee (Hawaii) 9,410
Cranberries 340,560
Dates 56,790
Grapes 4,747,750
Kiwifruit 36,830
(California)
Nectarines 133,360
(California)
Olives 130,630
(California)
Papayas (Hawaii) 4,190
Peaches 642,510
Pears 692,180
Plums (California) 76,660
Prunes 200,030
(California)
Raspberries 85,600
Strawberries 1,418,380
Nuts and
miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled 1,231,500 1,224,700
(California)
Hazelnuts, 110,220
in-shell (Oregon)
Macadamias 13,880
(Hawaii)
Pecans, in-shell 128,940
Pistachios 716,680
(California)
Walnuts, in-shell 733,910
(California)
================================================================================
1/ Production years are 2024-2025 and 2025-2026.
Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield
surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2026. Randomly selected
plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through
harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are
based on counts from this survey.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United
States: 2022-2026
================================================================================
Jun Jul Aug
Year
Mature 1/
================================================================================
(%)
2022 14 64 91
2023 9 52 94
2024 21 70 93
2025 8 58 94
2026 29 71
================================================================================
1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are
considered mature or almost mature.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2022-2026
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
================================================================================
State 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 1/
================================================================================
(number)
CO
Jul 40.8 41.5 39.8 51.7 42.1
Aug 39.7 48.4 40.9 49.8
FNL 39.7 48.4 40.9 49.8
IL
Jul 63.1 58.3 63.1 63.4 56.6
Aug 62.9 58.3 61.0 63.4
FNL 62.9 58.3 61.0 63.4
KS
Jul 40.7 37.3 42.1 51.3 40.1
Aug 40.7 38.5 41.1 51.2
FNL 40.7 38.5 41.1 51.2
MO
Jul 55.5 48.1 57.0 57.7 53.5
Aug 55.5 48.1 56.9 57.7
FNL 55.5 48.1 56.6 57.7
MT
Jul 36.0 44.3 47.2 46.5 46.8
Aug 38.2 44.8 47.2 47.1
FNL 38.3 44.8 47.2 47.1
NE
Jul 45.1 45.7 61.3 51.7 42.8
Aug 45.4 43.2 60.6 52.1
FNL 45.4 43.2 60.6 52.1
OH
Jul 55.1 57.9 61.5 58.7 56.4
Aug 55.0 57.7 60.6 58.7
FNL 55.0 57.7 60.6 58.7
OK
Jul 35.2 40.2 36.3 37.8 32.6
Aug 35.3 40.2 35.1 37.8
FNL 35.3 40.2 35.1 37.8
TX
Jul 29.0 31.2 30.8 35.2 29.3
Aug 28.8 31.3 31.2 34.8
FNL 28.9 31.7 31.2 35.1
WA
Jul 40.3 31.7 39.0 37.8 41.0
Aug 41.0 31.9 38.0 36.8
FNL 41.1 31.9 37.9 36.8
10St
Jul 40.6 39.7 42.3 46.9 40.5
Aug 40.8 40.7 41.8 46.6
FNL 40.8 40.8 41.8 46.7
================================================================================
1/ Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains 2026 Summary."
June Weather Summary
Highlights: June downpours delivered significant drought relief across the
South, although drought-related impacts lingered in portions of the
Atlantic Coast States. Arthur, a short-lived tropical storm, contributed to
the Southern deluge before its official development (in southern Texas),
during its brief existence on June 17 (in the western Gulf Coast region), and
after its transition to a post-tropical system (more broadly across the
South). By June 28, Statewide topsoil moisture in agricultural regions was
rated 28 percent surplus in Louisiana, along with 25 percent in Alabama and
24 percent in Georgia, according to USDA/NASS. Farther east, however,
Virginia led the southern Atlantic States with topsoil moisture rated
60 percent very short to short on that date, followed by South Carolina
(53 percent) and North Carolina (49 percent). Even more significant topsoil
moisture shortages were observed on June 28 in the middle Atlantic States,
led by Maryland (79 percent very short to short) and Delaware (76 percent).
Meanwhile, many Midwestern summer crops experienced favorable temperatures
and moisture levels while approaching or entering the reproductive stage of
development. However, rain was heavy enough in parts of the southern
Corn Belt to leave Statewide topsoil moisture 34 to 39 percent surplus on
June 28 in Indiana, Illinois and Missouri. Conversely, parts of the
westernmost Corn Belt remained unfavorably dry; Statewide topsoil moisture in
late June was rated 54 percent very short to short in South Dakota, along
with 42 percent in Nebraska. Still, crops were mostly faring well by June 28,
with roughly two-thirds of the Nation's corn (67 percent) and soybeans
(65 percent) rated in good to excellent condition. However, isolated
Midwestern crops were battered by severe weather, including flash flooding,
high winds, and large hail. According to preliminary reports from the
National Weather Service, nearly 400 tornadoes were observed Nationwide
during June, with more than 150 of those touching down in Illinois and
Indiana.
The Plains experienced mixed conditions, with rain providing ample moisture
for summer crops in some areas but largely bypassing others. Nearly all the
rain arrived too late to benefit winter wheat, which ended the season (on
July 5) with just 26 percent of the National crop rated good to excellent and
47 percent rated very poor to poor. More than one-half of the winter wheat
ended the season rated very poor to poor in each State on the central and
southern Plains, led by Nebraska (93 percent very poor to poor). Portions of
the Plains also experienced lingering drought impacts on rangeland and
pastures, which near the end of June were rated 66 percent very poor to poor
in Nebraska, along with 63 percent in Colorado. Much of the Nation's
Mid-Section also continued to struggle with soil moisture shortages; by
June 28, Statewide topsoil moisture was rated more than 40 percent very short
to short in all States comprising the Rockies and Plains, except Kansas and
North Dakota, led by Colorado at 89 percent.
During the pre-monsoon season, numerous Southwestern wildfires flared. By
early July, year-to-date wildfires had scorched some 3.3 million acres of
vegetation across the country, well above the 10-year average of 2.3 million
acres. One of the most destructive June blazes, the Aspen Acres Fire, burned
more than 96,000 acres southwest of Pueblo, Colorado, and destroyed more than
850 structures. In Utah, the Cottonwood Fire, near Beaver, also burned more
than 96,000 acres, while destroying nearly 200 structures. The Babylon Fire,
southwest of Monticello, Utah, torched more than 100,000 acres. June heat
(temperatures averaging at least 2 to 4 degrees F above normal), along with
low humidity levels, dry thunderstorms, and gusty winds, contributed to the
ignition and spread of wildfires in the eastern Great Basin and the
Four Corners States. In contrast to the hot weather in much of the Southwest
and Far West, near- or below-normal June temperatures stretched from the
northern Rockies into the Great Lakes region. Some of the coolest weather,
relative to normal, affected the northern High Plains, where June
temperatures locally averaged more than 2 degrees F below normal. The Midwest
also observed near- or slightly below-normal temperatures.
By June 30, drought covered 47.84 percent of the Lower 48 States, down nearly
15 percentage points from the April 21, 2026, peak of 62.78 percent,
according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. Most of the improvement occurred
across the South, although reductions in drought coverage were also noted in
northern New England and portions of the Plains. Conversely, worsening
drought was observed during the 10-week period ending June 30 in several
areas, including scattered sections of the West and from parts of the
Carolinas into southern New England.
June Agricultural Summary
June brought mixed conditions across key agricultural regions in the
United States. Temperatures were near to above normal across much of the
western and central United States. In contrast, portions of the northern
Rockies and Great Plains, as well as the Ohio Valley and Southeast, recorded
below-normal-temperatures. Meanwhile, much of the Pacific Northwest and
Great Plains experienced below-normal rainfall. Drier-than-normal conditions
prevailed across most of the Atlantic Coast and much of western
United States, contributing to a reduction in soil moisture levels.
Conversely, parts of the Delta, central Plains, and Corn Belt received
significant rainfall, with some locations recording up to two times the
normal monthly amount.
Corn: Ninety-seven percent of the 2026 Nation's corn crop had been planted by
June 7, one percentage point ahead of both last year and the 5-year average.
Eighty-six percent of the corn acreage had emerged by June 7, equal to both
last year and the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-seven percent of the
corn acreage had emerged, equal to both last year and the 5-year average.
Five percent of the corn crop was silking by June 21, one percentage point
ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
July 5, sixteen percent of the Nation's corn was silking, 1 percentage point
behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Three percent of the corn crop was at the dough stage by July 5, equal to
last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28,
sixty-seven percent of the Nation's corn crop was rated in good to excellent
condition, 6 percentage points below the same time last year.
Soybeans: Ninety-two percent of the soybean crop had been planted by June 7,
three percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average. Seventy-nine percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had
emerged by June 7, six percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-three percent of the
soybean crop had emerged, 4 percentage points ahead of last year and
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nine percent of the soybean
crop was blooming by June 21, two percentage points ahead of last year and
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5,
thirty-four percent of the 2026 soybean crop was blooming, 4 percentage
points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Nine percent of the soybean crop had begun setting pods by July 5,
two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. On June 28, sixty-five percent of the Nation's soybean crop
was rated in good to excellent condition, 1 percentage point below the same
time last year.
Winter Wheat: Ninety-two percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed
by June 7, five percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. By June 7, eleven percent of the Nation's
winter wheat acreage had been harvested, 7 percentage points ahead of last
year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Forty percent of
the Nation's winter wheat acreage had been harvested by June 21,
twenty-two percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, fifty-nine percent of the Nation's
winter wheat acreage had been harvested, 8 percentage points ahead of both
last year and the 5-year average. On June 28, twenty-six percent of the
2026 winter wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition,
22 percentage points below the same time last year.
Cotton: Seventy-seven percent of the cotton acreage had been planted by
June 7, two percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year
average. Thirteen percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the
squaring stage by June 7, two percentage points ahead of both last year and
the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-two percent of the cotton acreage had
been planted, 1 percentage point ahead of last year but 2 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. Twenty-seven percent of the cotton crop had
reached the squaring stage by June 21, two percentage points ahead of both
last year and the 5-year average. Five percent of the Nation's cotton crop
was setting bolls by June 21, equal to both last year and the 5-year average.
By July 5, forty-nine percent of the cotton acreage had reached the squaring
stage, 2 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average.
Fourteen percent of the Nation's cotton crop was setting bolls by July 5,
one percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. On
June 28, forty-eight percent of the cotton crop was rated in good to
excellent condition, 3 percentage points below the same time last year.
Sorghum: Fifty-three percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had been planted
by June 7, equal to last year but 4 percentage points behind the 5-year
average. By June 21, eighty-four percent of the sorghum acreage had been
planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year
average. By July 5, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had
been planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point
ahead the 5-year average. Twenty-five percent of the sorghum crop had reached
the headed stage by July 5, four percentage points ahead of last year and
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, fifty-
two percent of the sorghum crop was rated in good to excellent condition,
12 percentage points below the same time last year.
Rice: Ninety-four percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged by June 7,
two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. By June 21, thirteen percent of the Nation's rice crop had
reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and
5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5,
twenty-six percent of the Nation's rice crop had reached the headed stage,
2 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. On June 28, seventy-four percent of the Nation's rice crop
was rated in good to excellent condition, 6 percentage points below the same
time last year.
Small Grains: Ninety-five percent of the Nation's oat acreage had emerged by
June 7, five percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year
average. Thirty-nine percent of the oat crop had headed by June 7,
two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. By June 21, sixty-one percent of the oat crop had headed,
3 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By
July 5, eighty-six percent of the Nation's oat crop had headed, 3 percentage
points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. On June 28, fifty-two percent of the oat crop was rated in good to
excellent condition, 9 percentage points below the same time last year.
Ninety-one percent of the barley crop acreage had emerged by June 7,
twelve percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average. By June 21, twenty percent of the barley crop had reached
the headed stage, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, sixty percent of the barley
crop had reached the headed stage, 9 percentage points ahead of last year and
8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28,
fifty-two percent of the Nation's barley crop was rated in good to excellent
condition, 9 percentage points above the same time last year.
Ninety-eight percent of the spring wheat crop had been seeded by June 7,
equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Eighty-seven percent of the spring wheat acreage had emerged by June 7,
six percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. By June 21, sixteen percent of the spring wheat crop had
reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point ahead of last year but equal to
the 5-year average. By July 5, fifty-four percent of the spring wheat crop
had reached the headed stage, 4 percentage points behind last year but equal
to the 5-year average. On June 28, fifty-nine percent of the Nation's
spring wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 6 percentage
points above the same time last year.
Other Crops: Eighty-seven percent of the 2026 peanut acreage had been planted
by June 7, two percentage points behind last year and 1 percentage point
behind the 5-year average. By June 21, twenty-three percent of the Nation's
peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, 1 percentage point behind last
year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 5, fifty-one percent of the
Nation's peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, 2 percentage points
behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. On June 28,
sixty-two percent of the Nation's peanut crop was rated in good to excellent
condition, 10 percentage points below the same time last year.
By June 7, producers had planted 59 percent of this year's sunflower crop,
3 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. By June 21, ninety-five percent of the 2026 sunflower acreage
had been planted, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average.
Crop Comments
Oats: Production is forecast at 63.2 million bushels, down 9 percent from
2025. Growers expect to harvest 877,000 acres for grain, unchanged from the
Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but down 7 percent from 2025. Based
on conditions as of July 1, the United States yield is forecast at
72.1 bushels per acre, 1.7 bushels below 2025. If realized, the forecasted
yield will be a record high in Iowa and Minnesota.
As of June 28, seventy-four percent of the Nation's oat acreage was headed, 2
percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-
year average. As of June 28, fifty-two percent of the Nation's oat acreage
was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 61 percent at the
same time last year.
Barley: Production is forecast at 142 million bushels, up 1 percent from
2025. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the
United States is forecast at 75.9 bushels per acre, down 4.1 bushels from
last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 1.87 million acres,
unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but up 6 percent
from last year.
Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 990 million bushels, down 4 percent
from the previous forecast and down 29 percent from 2025. Based on July 1
conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 46.7 bushels per acre,
down 0.1 bushel from last month and down 8.2 bushels from last year. If
realized, the United States yield would be the lowest since 2015. Record high
yields are forecast in Illinois and Michigan for 2026.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six
Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and
Texas) are below last year's level in all six States. As of June 28, harvest
progress was ahead of normal in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas, but
equal to the 5-year average pace in Nebraska. Harvest had not yet begun in
Montana as of June 28.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three
Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are below last year's
level in all three States. As of June 28, harvest progress was ahead of the
5-year pace in Missouri, but behind normal in Illinois and Ohio.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are
above last year. Sixty-seven percent of the Washington acreage was rated in
good to excellent condition as of June 28.
Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 70.9 million bushels, down 18 percent
from 2025. The United States yield is forecast at 39.9 bushels per acre, down
0.7 bushel from last year's average yield. Area expected to be harvested for
grain or seed totals 1.78 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report
released on June 30, 2026, but down 16 percent from 2025.
Montana and North Dakota are the two largest Durum-producing States. As of
June 28, thirteen percent of the acreage in Montana and 71 percent of the
acreage in North Dakota were rated in good to excellent condition. As of
June 28, Montana Durum wheat progress was only 2 percent headed. In
North Dakota, Durum wheat headed progress was rated at 27 percent as of
June 28, eighteen percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average.
Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 475 million bushels, down
4 percent from 2025. The United States yield is forecast at 52.3 bushels per
acre, up 0.6 bushel from last year's average yield of 51.7 bushels per acre.
If realized, the United States yield would be the second highest behind 2024.
The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed is expected to total
9.08 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30,
2026, but 6 percent below 2025.
In the six major producing States, 32 percent of the acreage was headed as of
June 28, two percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of June 28,
fifty-nine percent of the other spring wheat acreage was rated in good to
excellent condition compared to 53 percent at the same time in 2025.
Grapefruit: The United States 2025-2026 grapefruit crop is forecast at
313,000 tons, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 2 percent from
last season's utilization. The California forecast, at 4.30 million boxes
(172,000 tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast and from last
season's total.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is
forecast at 1.26 million tons, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and
up 2 percent from last season's final utilization. The California tangerine
and mandarin forecast, at 31.0 million boxes (1.24 million tons), is
up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 2 percent from last season's
total.
Lemons: The 2025-2026 United States lemon crop is forecast at
1.11 million tons, down 1 percent from the previous forecast and
down 2 percent from last season's utilization. The California forecast, at
26.0 million boxes (1.04 million tons), is unchanged from previous forecast
but down 2 percent from the 2024-2025 season's total.
Tobacco: The 2026 United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast
at 288 million pounds, up 4 percent from 2025. Area harvested is expected to
total 131,500 acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on
June 30, 2026, but down 2 percent from 2025. Yield for the 2026 crop year is
forecast at 2,190 pounds per acre, 130 pounds above last year's average.
Apricots: The 2026 apricot crop is forecast at 36,500 tons, down 5 percent
from last year. California's production is unchanged from last year and
represents 93 percent of the Nation's total apricot production.
Statistical Methodology
Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were
conducted between June 24 and July 6 to gather information on expected yield
as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that
accounted for about 70 percent of the 2025 winter wheat production. Farm
operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and
seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat
fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's
maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of
emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be
harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to
develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is
subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until
crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the
farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to
obtain current year harvesting loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use
of mail and internet. Approximately 3,700 producers were interviewed during
the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their
operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing
season to provide indications of average yields.
Orange survey procedures: In Florida during August and September of last
year, the number of bearing trees and number of fruit per tree is determined.
In August, September, December, and March, fruit size measurement and fruit
droppage surveys are conducted, which are combined with the previous
components to develop the current forecast of production. California and
Texas conduct grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April,
and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September
for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.
Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and
grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with
historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years.
Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to
the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the
State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for
Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency
with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of
the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB
uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published
July 1 forecast. Reports from growers in California and Texas were also used
for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the
current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses
the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1
forecast.
Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead,
a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season.
End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat
marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks,
production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then
made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant
changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus
Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are based
on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including
information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records.
Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1
production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure
based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1
production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of
the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the
latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes
statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be
made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the
final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's
forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.
The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast
is 3.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current
winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more
than 3.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that
the difference will not exceed 6.2 percent.
Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of
the differences between the July 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using
winter wheat as an example, changes between the July 1 forecast and the final
estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 36 million bushels, ranging
from less than 1 million to 98 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been
below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that
the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or
overstate final production.
Crop Production: Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Reliability of July 1 Crop Production Forecasts
[Based on data for the past twenty years]
================================================================================
Diff between forecast
and final estimate
90 percent Production Years
Crop Root confidence
Mean interval Below Above
Square Average SmallestLargest final
Error
================================================================================
(%) (millions) (number)
Barley bushels 5.7 9.8 8 (Z) 23 10 10
Oranges 1/ tons 3.6 6.2 114 9 385 10 10
Oats bushels 11.2 19.3 7 (Z) 17 6 14
Wheat
Winter wheat bushels 3.6 6.2 36 (Z) 98 9 11
Durum wheat bushels 14.1 24.3 8 (Z) 24 9 11
Other spring bushels 7.3 12.7 28 2 98 9 11
================================================================================
(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.
1/ Quantity is in thousands of units.
USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service - Estimation Branch Contacts
For more information about specific crops, please contact the Estimation
Branch staff members below. You can also email inquiries to nass@usda.gov.
Anthony Prillaman, Associate Deputy
Administrator
(202) 720-2127
Darin Jantzi, Section
Chief
(701) 412-5953
Crops: Apricots, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Canola, Cauliflower, Chile Peppers,
Cucumbers, Hemp, Macadamias, Mustard Seed, Nectarines, Peaches, Plums,
Pumpkins, Prunes, Rapeseed, Rye, Safflower, Soybeans, Squash, Sunflower
Jeff Lemmons, Section
Chief,
(202) 973-3272
Crops: Artichokes, Avocados, Cabbage, Crop Progress, Dates, Dry Edible Beans,
Grapes, Green Peas, Hops, Olives, Pistachios, Potatoes, Rice, Snap Beans,
Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tomatoes, Walnuts, Wheat
Fleming Gibson, Section Chief
(Acting)
(202) 236-2428
Crops: Almonds, Asparagus, Barley, Beets, Blueberries, Carrots, Chickpeas,
Coffee, Corn, Cranberries, Dry Edible Peas, Garlic, Grapefruit, Lemons,
Lentils, Mandarins/Tangerines, Maple, Mushrooms, Onions, Oranges, Papayas,
Pears, Pecans, Raspberries, Sweet Corn, Tobacco
Julie Weber, Section
Chief
(202) 317-0165
Crops: Apples, Cantaloupe, Cotton, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Fats
and Oils, Flaxseed, Flour Milling Products, Grain Crushings, Hay, Hazelnuts,
Honeydew, Kale, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Mint, Oats, Peanuts, Proso Millet,
Sorghum, Spinach, Strawberries, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Watermelon
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following
ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web
site: www.nass.usda.gov.
The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail
subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov
and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to
create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
Economics, Statistics, and Market Information (ESMIS) - National
Agricultural Library (NAL) website houses NASS's and other agency
archived reports at https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. All email subscriptions
containing reports will be sent from https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. To
receive the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the website,
create a new account and subscribe to the reports. You should whitelist
notifications@esmis.nal.usda.gov in your email client to avoid the
emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural
Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail:
nass@usda.gov.
If you have specific questions you would like an expert to respond to, please
visit our "Ask A Specialist" website at
www.nass.usda.gov/Contact_Us/Ask_a_Specialist.
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